• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:NL1039219A
    申请号:NL1039219
    申请日:2011-12-05
    公开日:2012-06-05
    发明作者:Guenter Zauner；Gerhard Kleesadl
    申请人:Alois Poettinger Maschinenfabrik Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Agricultural work machine with sequence control.
    The present invention relates to a working machine for agriculture, in particular a tool for mounting on a tractor, preferably in the form of a hay-making machine, with at least two working units that can be moved in position and for which to adjust their position, at least one control actuator is added, which can be activated by energy from outside, a sequence control being provided for operating the control actuators in a coordinated sequence, which comprises switching means for controlling the energy supply to the actuators.
    When processing a field, a situation often arises in which the working machine runs vertically against a predetermined working track, for example in the form of a swath or a plow cut and must cross this working track. In order not to damage the previously laid track when crossing, the tools are lifted. However, the flat parts lying between the rear-running tools and the track to be crossed remain unprocessed, because the working units are raised too early when the forward-running implement reaches the track. This problem arises, for example, with swathers that comprise two or more circular rakes displaced in the direction of travel, or also with soil tillage machines, such as a plow with a plurality of plowshares standing in an oblique row. Furthermore, the aforementioned problem arises not only when crossing work tracks previously laid, but also when machining the field edge, for example at the start of the operation at the input of the field, or when turning on a headland.
    It has therefore been proposed previously to coordinate the raising and lowering of the working units of an agricultural machine by means of a sequence control in a coordinated order, in particular such that a forward working unit is first raised or lowered. is lowered, while a trailing working unit is lifting or raising. performs the lowering movement with a specific time delay. DE 196 03 400 A1 discloses such a sequence control for the positional displacement of the working units of a circular swath, the sequence control here being designed hydraulically. The control actuators for raising the circular rakes are controlled via a plurality of shut-off and non-return valves which are interconnected, the two shut-off valves operating in a pressure-controlled manner and having different response thresholds, so that a time delay can be achieved during the operation via the pressure increase occurring during the lifting process. adjustment of the lifting cylinders.
    With such a valve arrangement, however, the mutual alignment of the adjusting movements is predetermined, respectively. can only be changed in a rather cumbersome manner, for example by incorporating throttle valves, which hardly permits a rapid change in the time delay between the various adjusting movements. However, the variability of the sequence is nevertheless limited, because the trailing working unit can only be raised regularly when the leading working unit reaches its prescribed raised position, because only then does a correspondingly large pressure increase occur which can be used as a reliable switching height. Secondly, a certain unpredictability, resp. an undesirable variance in the order, because variables that influence the hydraulic pressure, such as the speed of the tractor, the number of connected consumers, etc., have an effect on the pressure level that the valve arrangement switches.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved agricultural machine of the above-mentioned type which avoids disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter advantageously. In particular, precise control of the position of the working units must be achieved with simple control means, the adjustment of the adjusting movements relative to each other being variable in a simple manner.
    According to the invention, this object is achieved by an agricultural machine according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.
    It is therefore proposed to mechanically derive the switching and operating signal for a work unit to be operated afterwards from a work unit to be operated in advance. The operation of the working unit that has to be moved later in terms of sequence is not controlled depending on time or pressure, but depends on the position or resp. the position of the working aggregate that must first be put into operation with regard to sequence. According to the invention, a mechanical drive unit is added to the switching means of the control actuator of one of the operating units, which drive unit moves with another operating unit and / or is mechanically connected to said other operating unit such that the switching means of the control actuator of said one working aggregate is controlled by a movement of the aforementioned other working aggregate. As a result, the adjusting movement of the working aggregate to be operated in a time-delayed manner takes place exactly, depending on the adjusting movement already achieved and the position of the leading working aggregate to be set in motion. Unwanted variances of a time-dependent control, or inaccuracies due to variances in the pressure level can be eliminated.
    The mechanical drive unit can in principle be designed in different ways and be adapted to the adjusting movement of the operating unit, which adjusting movement converts the driving unit into a switching process of the switching means for the control actuator of the other operating unit.
    Said drive unit may, for example, be formed by a part of the first operating unit or an adjusting member connected thereto, such as, for example, a pivot arm, or by the control actuator or a part connected thereto, for example such that a part moving during the adjusting movement of the working aggregate runs along the switching means for the control actuator of the other working aggregate, respectively. runs into this to activate the switching means. For example, the lifting arm of a circular rake can be moved along the switching means of the other circular rake to effect the activation of the other circular rake.
    For example, the drive unit could comprise a flexural pulling means which upon reaching a predetermined position of the forward running aggregate actuates the switching means of the lagging running aggregate. It could also be possible to convert the movement of the leading working unit via a hinged link rod into a linear switching movement, for example such that the end of the link rod actuates a switch.
    In an advantageous further development of the invention, however, said drive unit comprises at least one cam for operating said switching means, which cam is connected to a pivotal part of said one operating unit, for example a pivotable carrier part, for example a pivot axis or a pivotal arm, and depending on the pivot position of said one operating unit, the switching means of the control actuator of the other operating unit activates. By means of such a cam, pivotal movements of one operating unit can be accurately converted into adjusting movements for the switching means of the other operating unit, so that the trailing operating unit can be precisely actuated, depending on the already achieved adjusting movement of the forward operating unit.
    In a further development of the invention, adjusting means for adjusting the relative position of the drive unit and the switching means are provided in order to be able to change the switching point of the switching means, respectively. to be able to set. By changing the position of the switching means and / or the position of the associated switching means, a switching of the switching means can be activated sooner or later, i.e. at a different position of the operating unit that controls the switching process. If, for example, the second operating unit must already be raised, if the first operating unit has only traveled one third of its lifting path, the drive unit and / or the switching means can be moved accordingly to switch on when the said 1/3 is reached. position. For this purpose, a movable bearing of the drive unit can be provided, so that the drive unit can be positioned in different positions relative to the working unit or the mechanically connected part thereof. Alternatively or additionally, the switching means for the control actuator of the other operating unit can be mounted so that the engagement with the drive unit is changed by a change in the position of the bearing means and thereby the switching point is varied.
    If the drive unit comprises the at least one cam in the above-mentioned manner, said adjusting means can advantageously be cam-adjusting means, which are associated with said cam and which change their rotational position relative to the pivotal part of the associated cam. work aggregate. In an advantageous further development of the invention, the at least one cam can be changed with regard to its position, in particular with respect to the angle of rotation, can be connected to the said pivotal part of the one operating unit. Advantageously, holding means are added to the displaceable bearing of the cam, by means of which the cam can be held in different positions. In a further development of the invention, the at least one cam can, for example, be provided by means of a clamping or clamping device. screw connection must be held on the pivot part, for example in the form of a hole pattern or at least one slotted hole concentrically about the axis of rotation, so that when releasing the clamp connection the cam rotates relative to the pivot part and the cam is fixed by fixing the clamping means can be in the respective position.
    In order to be able to adjust the sequence of the adjusting movements to be coordinated in different directions differently, in a further development of the invention at least two switching means can be provided for controlling said one operating unit, a first switching means activating the adjusting movement in the first adjusting direction and the second switching means determines the switching point for the adjusting movement in the opposite direction. If the lifting movements of the working aggregates are controlled with said sequence control, the first switching means can define the switching point at which the second working aggregate is raised after the first working aggregate, while the second switching means defines the switching point at which the next working aggregate is lowered. Hereby it can be achieved that the lifting movement of the rear working unit starts earlier than the lowering movement, for example in such a way that the lifting movement of the rear working unit is started when the front working unit has, for example, made two-thirds of its lifting movement, while conversely the lowering movement of the rear working unit has just started for example, when the front working aggregate has covered, for example, two-fourths of its lowering movement.
    For example, in order to be able to adjust the switching points of the said various switching means differently for the lifting movement and the lowering movement, adjustment means for each of the drive units for the two switching means and / or for each of the switching means can be arranged analogously to the above-described embodiment. to be able to change the relative position of each pair of switching means individually. If, for example, two cams are arranged as a drive unit for operating two switching means, it may be provided in a further development of the invention that each of the cams is mounted so as to be movable and can be fixed in the desired position by means of corresponding holding means.
    The switching means mentioned can in principle be of different design and be adapted to the embodiment of the control actuators. If, for example, electric motors are used as control actuators, the switching means can be current switches, resp. suitable power means, or means for controlling the voltage. In a further development of the invention, the control actuators mentioned are, however, designed hydraulically, for example in the form of pressure medium cylinders. In such a hydraulic embodiment of the control actuators, the said switching means can advantageously be pressure control valves, preferably shut-off valves, which control the pressure load of the respective control actuators.
    In a further development of the invention, the control actuator of the operating unit to be subsequently operated can be controlled via two successively connected shut-off valves, each of which is actuated by a drive unit connected to the other operating unit, for example in the form of a cam and which can be advantageously designed as a switchable non-return valve, for example such that in a first position the line leading to the control actuator is switched through and said pressure line is connected in a second position to a non-return function. In particular, the said two valves can be arranged in such a way that the non-return function is designed in different directions such that a first valve which is arranged closer to the control actuator in the pressure medium line with its non-return function blocks the return flow from the control actuator, while the second , valve located closer to the pressure shaft and / or the tractor in the recoil position blocks the supply to the control actuator.
    The other control actuator to be operated first of all can be directly connected to the pressure shaft, resp. via a closing or resp. pressure control valve, by means of which the sequence control is activated, resp. deactivated.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment and associated drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a top view of an agricultural machine in the form of a circular swath which in the shown embodiment comprises two circular rakes, each of which can be raised and lowered by means of a control actuator in the form of a hydraulic cylinder. Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of the switching means and the drive unit for activating the pass to be raised later, respectively. 3: a hydraulic circuit diagram for operating the two control actuators for raising the circular rakes of the circular swath of FIG. 1.
    FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, as a possible embodiment of a built-in machine according to the invention, a hay-making machine in the form of a circular swath 1 which in the shown embodiment can be mounted on the rear of a tractor 2. The circular swath 1 herein comprises a central machine frame 3 which can be mounted on the tractor 2 in a manner known per se and optionally supported against the ground by a chassis (not specially shown).
    Mounted laterally protruding laterally from said machine frame 3 are support arms 7, to which working units arranged laterally next to machine frame 3 are mounted in the form of circular rakes 5. Said circular rakes 5 can comprise rake teeth known per se which each run around an upright axis, which are cyclically pivoted in the direction of the ground during their circulation movement and subsequently pivoted away therefrom, in order to collect harvesting material lying on the ground. raking and laying in a swath.
    Said carrying arms 4 can be designed to be movable, for instance to be changed in length, in particular to be telescopable in order to change the swath width or the laying track and / or to be pivotally connected to the machine frame 3 pivotally about at least one axis of rotation, from the circular rakes 5 from to bring the lowered working position shown in Fig. 1 to a raised position for turning on a headland and / or a transport position. In the position for turning on a headland, for example, the rotary rakes 5 may be lifted partially with supporting arms 4 in a position of 45 °, while in the transport position they are folded up substantially in a vertical plane.
    The said movability of the circular rakes 5 is achieved, resp. driven by at least one control actuator 6 in the form of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder. By way of example, as shown in Fig. 1, one hydraulic cylinder can in each case be hingedly connected to the machine frame 3 and, on the other hand, be hingedly connected to one of the carrying arms 4 in order to effect said adjusting movement.
    As the circuit diagram according to Fig. 3 shows, a pressure means can be supplied to the said control actuators 6 from the tractor 2 and these can be put into operation, while also taking into account the fact that a separate pressure medium source must be provided. for example in the form of a driven pump or a pressure load carried out in a similar manner. As Fig. 3 shows, for sequence control 7, in total only one pressure medium connection 8 is required, via which a pressure medium from the tractor 2, resp. the pressure shaft can be transferred to all control actuators 6. The total pressure load can in this case be controlled via corresponding pressure control means on the tractor 2 or a pressure control valve, resp. shut-off valve for lifting and / or lifting from the tractor in the usual way, for example by turning a switch or operating a lever. to initiate the lowering of the circular rakes 5.
    As Fig. 3 shows, the control actuator 6 to be actuated in advance is driven directly from the pressure medium connection 8, so that switching on the pressure leads directly to a lifting movement of the associated circular rake 5a, resp. conversely, the lowering movement is started immediately.
    The control actuator 6b of the associated second circular rake 5b to be actuated thereafter is meanwhile driven by two switching means 9, 10 in the form of switching valves 11,12 which control the pressure load of the control actuator 6b from the pressure medium connection 8. As Fig. 3 shows, each of the said switching valves 11 and 12 can be designed as a 2/2 switching valve with a non-return function, each of the valves 11 and 12 in a [first] position freely switching through the pressure line to the control actuator 6b and in a second position connects said pressure line 13 to a recoil function, resp. blocks. As Fig. 3 shows, the recoil function of the two valves 11 and 12 can be designed in the reverse direction. While the valve 12 located closer to the control actuator 6b blocks the backflow of the pressure medium from the control actuator 6b in the recoil position, the recoil function of the valve 11 arranged closer to the pressure medium supply 8 is reversed, so that the backflow is released, but the pressure load is blocked when the valve is in the recoil function.
    The two switching valves 11 and 12 are in this case actuated by a drive unit 14 which converts a movement of the other forward-moving circular rake 5a into a corresponding switching movement of the switching valves 11 and 12. As FIG.
    2, the drive units 14 and 15 in the shown embodiment are advantageously designed in the form of cams 16 and 17 which are non-rotatably connected to the axis of rotation, respectively. the pivotable support arm 4 of the said circular rake 5a.
    The switching means 9 and 10 in the form of the said valves 11 and 12 associated with the drive units 14 and 15 are spatially arranged in the area of movement of the said drive units 14 and 15 in the form of the cams 16 and 17, so that the movement of the cams 16 and 17 starting from the rake 5a leads to the operation of said valves 11 and 12.
    The embodiment of the cams 16 and 17 and the arrangement of the valves 11 and 12 and / or the interaction thereof are hereby established such that the respective switching valves 11 and 12 are actuated at a specific point in the adjusting movement of the circular rake 5a. By means of a different arrangement and / or embodiment of the cams 16 and 17 and / or a different arrangement of the valves 11 and 12 in the area of movement of the said cams 16 and 17, different switching points for the said valves 11 and 12 can be achieved, in particular, to initiate the lowering movement at another point of movement of the circular rake 5a taking over the control function as the lifting movement or vice versa.
    As Fig. 2 shows, for adjusting the switching points, an adjusting means is provided for adjusting the relative position of the cams 16 and 17 relative to the switching means 11 and 12, respectively. the relative position of the cams 16 and 17 relative to the pivotable part of the circular rake 5a. In particular, said adjusting means 18 can be designed as adjusting means for the cams, with the aid of which the rotational position of said cams 16 and 17 can be adjusted relative to the bearing arm 14, so that the valves 11 and 12, depending on the adjusted position earlier or be put into operation later. As Fig. 2 shows, said adjusting means 18 herein comprise a rotatable bearing of the cams 16 and 17 on the rotatable part of the support arm 4, as well as associated holding means 19, by means of which the cams 16 and 17 can be fixed in the desired position . In this case screws can function as retaining means 19 which extend through slot holes in the respective projection 16, resp. 17, so that with released holding means 19 the respective cam 16 or 17 can be rotated and the adjusted position can be fixed by tightening the holding means 19.
    With reference to Figs. 2 and 3, this results in the following function: if the circular rakes 5 of the circular swather 1 from the working position shown in Fig. 1 are in the rotational position on the headland, resp. have to be raised in the transport position, a pressure means is transferred from the tractor 2 to the control actuators 6. Through the switch valve 11 initially still in the recoil position, the hydraulic pressure is only transmitted to the control actuator 6 of the circular rake 5a, whereafter said circular rake 5a is lifted by turning the carrying arm 4. As a result of this lifting movement, the cams 16 and 17 shown in Fig. 2 rotate. When a predetermined lifting position of the circular rake 5a is reached, one of the cams 17 and 17 actuates the switching valve 11, so that the lifting pressure is also transmitted to the control actuator. 6b. The switching valve 12 is still in the non-return position; however, the pressure can be transferred to the control actuator 6b because the recoil function of this valve 12 is adjusted in the reverse direction. Conversely, if the circular swath 1 with its working aggregates is to be returned to the lowered working position, the pressure medium connection 8 to the tractor 2 is switched to a backflow, resp. to a tank position, so that first of all the circular rake 5a can be lowered, wherein hydraulic fluid flows from the associated control actuator 6a back to the tractor 2. Does the lowering of the circular rake 5a have a certain height, resp. reaches a certain lowering position, the valve 12 is brought into its flow-through position via one of said cams 16 and 17, whereafter pressure fluid can also flow out of the control actuator 6b of the circular rake 5b, so that the circular rake 5b can also be lowered.
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    Agricultural work machine, in particular a implement for mounting on a tractor (2), preferably in the form of a hay-making machine (1), with at least two working units (5) that can be moved in position and to which at least one control actuator (6) is added for adjusting their position, which actuator can be actuated by external energy, a sequence control (7) being provided for operating the control actuators (6) in an op coordinated sequence comprising switching means (9, 10) for controlling the energy supply of the control actuators (6), characterized in that at least one mechanical drive unit (14, 15) is added to the switching means (9, 10) of the control actuator (6b) of one of the operating units (5b), which moves with another operating unit (5a) and / or is mechanically connected to the said other operating unit (5a) such that the switching means (9, 10) of the operating unit rege lactuator (6b) of said one working aggregate (5b) is controlled by movement of said other working aggregate (5a).
    [2]
    Agricultural work machine according to the preceding claim, wherein said drive unit (14, 15) comprises at least one cam (16, 17) for operating said switching means (9, 10) connected to a pivot part ( 4), in particular a pivot axis or pivotable support arm, of said one operating unit (5a) and, depending on the pivoting position of said one operating unit (5a), the switching means (9, 10) of the control actuator (9b) of the other operating unit (5b).
    [3]
    Agricultural work machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein adjusting means (18) are provided for adjusting the relative position of drive unit (14, 15) and switching means (11, 12) relative to each other, and / or for adjusting the relative position of the drive unit (14, 15) relative to the associated operating unit (5a).
    [4]
    An agricultural machine according to the two preceding claims, wherein the adjusting means (18) comprise cam adjusting means for adjusting the cam position relative to said one working unit (5a), wherein the at least one cam (16, 17) with regard to the position, is changably connected to the said pivotal part of the one working unit (5a) and holding means (19) are provided for holding the cam (16, 17) in different positions.
    [5]
    Agricultural work machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein two switching means (9, 10) are added to the control actuator (6b) of said one working unit (5b) for controlling the energy supply, a first switching means (9) ) is arranged for the movement of the control actuator (6b) in a first adjusting direction and the second switching means (10) is arranged for the movement of the control actuator (6b) in the opposite adjusting direction, and wherein two drive units (14, 15) are mechanically connected are with the other operating unit (5a) which operate said switching means (9, 10) at different positions of the other operating unit (5a).
    [6]
    Agricultural work machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control actuator (6b) of the one working unit (5b) is designed hydraulically, preferably in the form of a pressure medium cylinder, and wherein the switching means (9, 10) of the said control actuator (6b) comprises at least one valve, preferably a switch valve with a non-return function, for controlling the pressure load of said control actuator (6b).
    [7]
    Agricultural work machine according to the preceding claim, wherein two switch valves connected one behind the other are added to said control actuator (6b) of said one working unit which in each case have a recoil function, the recoil functions of the two valves (11, 12) are designed in different directions in such a way that one valve (12) in its non-return function blocks the back flow from the control actuator (6b) and the other valve (11) in its non-return function positions the supply to the control actuator (6b) blocks.
    [8]
    Agricultural work machine according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the control actuator (6a) of the other working unit (5a) is directly connected to the pressure medium connection (8) for connecting the hydraulic system to a tractor (2) without sequence control valves system
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    同族专利:
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    DE202010016173U1|2012-03-06|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE7334569U|1974-05-16|Maschinenfabrik Schmotzer Gmbh|Sheet collecting container with automatic emptying|
    DD129425A1|1977-01-19|1978-01-18|Joachim Georgi|HYDRAULIC SWITCHING DEVICE FOR MOUNTING EQUIPMENT ON TRACTORS|
    DE8807054U1|1988-05-30|1989-06-22|Alois Poettinger Landmaschinen-Gesellschaft Mbh, 8900 Augsburg, De|
    DE19603400A1|1996-01-31|1997-08-07|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Agricultural machine with work tools staggered in the direction of travel|
    DE19920755A1|1999-05-05|2000-11-09|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Haymaking machine|
    US6675907B2|2000-08-10|2004-01-13|Case, Llc|Flexible toolbar and operating hydraulic circuit|
    DE10120845B4|2001-04-27|2014-03-27|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Hydromechanical control device for a multipart agricultural working machine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE202010016173|2010-12-03|
    DE202010016173U|DE202010016173U1|2010-12-03|2010-12-03|Agricultural working machine with sequencing|
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